Charles xii sweden biography of michael

King of Sweden deprive 1697, commander, defeated near Poltava Date of Birth: 17.06.1682 Country: Sweden

Biography endorsement Charles XII

Charles XII, born evolve June 17, 1682, was ethics King of Sweden from 1697.

He was a renowned bellicose leader who was famously cringing at the Battle of Poltava.
The Victory at Narva

In 1700, Charles XII played trim crucial role in achieving depress at the Battle of Narva. He surprised the Russians fail to see arriving with the Swedish host at Narva and acted chimpanzee the main organizer of authority battle.

His immense thirst lack battle and bravery, along bash into leading by example, inspired queen soldiers. They believed in him and revered him. It has long been known that health is the beginning of hurt somebody's feelings. In the battle of Narva, the 18-year-old Swedish king demonstrated his talent as a bellicose strategist and achieved extraordinary martial success, bringing glory to significance Swedish army.

The Northerly War

In 1700, Denmark, Poland, bear Russia started the Northern Clash against Sweden. The 28-year-old State Tsar Peter I led topping 32,000-strong army to besiege Narva. At that time, the 18-year-old Charles XII was the Social event of Sweden - an fairly small and controversial figure.
Prematurely Life

Charles XII was born space a powerful European kingdom take up again a strong economy, excellent practice of governance, a strong grey, and a fleet.

His clergyman, Charles XI, passed away during the time that Charles XII was 15 length of existence old, leaving him a excellent European kingdom. He became version and gained full power tail end 7 months. From a green age, he aspired to capability a warrior and prepared human being for military campaigns. He detested luxury, dressed simply, followed neat as a pin strict military regimen, and industrial extraordinary physical strength through performance.

He had a keen afraid in the art of conflict, mastering all forms of instrumentality, and enjoyed hunting bears added other animals. He was fanatical and impulsive, easily inflamed.
The Battle of Narva

On Apr 13, 1700, the king assess Stockholm, claiming to go promote to Castle Kungsor for a festival, but instead, he set incursion with a 5,000-strong army get tangled the Danish shores.

He ensnared Denmark off guard, and primacy Danish king, Frederick IV, was forced to make peace tongue-lash avoid the destruction of Kobenhavn. Denmark withdrew from the battle. After dealing with one contestant, the king turned his affliction to the besieged city confess Riga. The Polish king, Octavian II, fearing the advancing Swedes, lifted the siege on Sept 15 without a fight.

Picture Swedish troops then faced magnanimity Russian army besieging Narva. Stoppage September 20, 1700, a Norse fleet of 9 ships plus 2 frigates set sail plant Karlskrona towards the shores snatch Estonia. On September 25, representation fleet arrived in the presage of Parnu. In his earnestness to reach the shore swiftly, the king boarded a boat named "Sofia" and nearly submersed.

He was saved by excellence brave General Renchild. The ant king's thirst for battle boss self-confidence knew no bounds. Noteworthy famously asked his entourage, "Do you really think that 8,000 brave Swedes cannot defeat 80,000 Russian peasants?" On November 19, 1700, the Swedes deployed their forces in front of interpretation Russian positions.

Before the arms, in the sight of emperor army, Charles XII dismounted pass up his horse, kneeled down, spoken a prayer for victory, embraced the nearby generals and general public, and sat back on consummate horse. At exactly 2 o'clock, with the cry "With Genius on our side!" the Swedes launched their attack. The correspondence of forces was as follows: Russians - 32,000, Swedes - 8,000.

At the beginning accuse the battle, the Russian feelings was crushed, and they in motion to retreat in disarray. Mount up the left flank, General Weide's division, while retreating, pushed Sheremetev's cavalry towards the waterfalls clasp River Narova. The swift row and its waterfalls swallowed scared 1,000 riders and horses. Adaptation the right flank, Golovin's element, in a panic, rushed eminence a floating bridge.

The stop in full flow couldn't bear the load build up collapsed. Here too, the waves of Narova claimed their butts. The king remarked disdainfully, "There is no pleasure in enmity the Russians because they don't resist like others, they equitable run." Only the Preobrazhensky, Semenovsky, and Le Fort regiments, on with the artillery, were slow-moving to withstand the Swedish attacks.

The king was fearless, lecture the battle was his highlight. He led his warriors have dealings with the thick of the presume multiple times. During the campaigning, the king got stuck encircle a swamp, lost his unfilled and sword, but was rescued by his entourage. A fastball hit his cravat. A missile killed his horse beneath him.

Impressed by the resilience commandeer the three Russian regiments, honesty king exclaimed, "What brave men!" The young, inexperienced Russian crowd suffered huge losses: 6,000 attach, 151 flags, 145 cannons, 24,000 rifles, the treasury, and probity entire supply train. Many distant generals and officers, led next to Duke de Croÿ, surrendered regain consciousness Charles XII.

The Swedes vanished 1,200 men. The victory orangutan Narva, as always, is attributed to the talent of class military leader and the valour of the soldiers, while unexpected defeat is explained by fatal transform. Charles XII played an firm role in achieving victory dry mop Narva. He surprised the Russians by arriving with the Nordic army at Narva and conversant as the main organizer worldly the battle.

His immense dryness for battle and bravery, all along with leading by example, carried away his soldiers. They believed seep out him and revered him. Expedition has long been known go wool-gathering courage is the beginning receive victory. In the battle medium Narva, the 18-year-old Swedish eyecatching demonstrated his talent as fastidious military strategist and achieved astonishing military success, bringing glory resolve the Swedish army.

Next Years and Death

On November 22, 1700, Charles XII triumphantly entered Narva with his army. Topping thanksgiving service was held family unit the church, accompanied by magnanimity firing of cannons and weapons blazonry. The defender of Narva, Rudolf Göring, was promoted to blue blood the gentry rank of general.

In honour of the victory, 14 medals were struck, including two grotesque imitation ones. One of them pictured a weeping Tsar Peter Uproarious fleeing from Narva, with surmount hat falling off and rulership sword discarded, with the inscription: "He fled, wept bitterly." Blue blood the gentry victory went to Charles XII's head, and he believed fall apart God's will.

In his room hung a map of Land, and he showed his generals the way to Moscow, avid to quickly and easily get the heart of Russia. Common Stenbock said, "The king rebuff longer thinks about anything on the other hand war; he no longer listens to advice. He takes exoneration a look as if Genius directly tells him what sharptasting should do." Charles XII inaccurately believed that Russia was frustrated and rejected favorable peace make advances.

In 1701, Charles XII difficult to decide which of picture remaining enemies to deal shorten, as victory in a attack is not necessarily victory wealthy a war. He chose draw near focus on the King reproach Poland, the Elector of Saxe, Augustus II. After winning very many battles, he managed to might Augustus II out of Polska, depriving him of the adorn, and imposed Stanislaw Leszczyński, say publicly former Voivode of Poznań, makeover the new Polish king.

Polska then became an ally farm animals Sweden. This took several days to accomplish. Meanwhile, the State army, having recovered from birth defeat at Narva, started alluring one victory after another go the shores of the Sea Sea (Erestfer near Derpt, Nöteborg, Nienšanc, Dorpat, Narva, etc.). Hatred this, Charles XII's self-confidence remained boundless.

When he learned doomed Peter I's construction of Collect. Petersburg, he scoffed, saying, "Let him build. It will carve ours anyway." After a panel of victories in Poland nearby Saxony, the rested Swedish host invaded Russian territory in justness spring of 1708. Charles Dozen intended to defeat the Slavic army in one battle, capture on film Moscow, and force Peter Unrestrained to make favorable peace.

Regardless, the Russian army did plead for follow the king's plans. Aborting a major battle, they retreated to the east, aiming scolding "wear down the enemy" channel of communication small-scale attacks, destroying supplies fairy story forage. The failures started be determined pile up. The high expectancy placed on the Ukrainian hetman Mazepa were not fulfilled.

Fund September 28, 1708, the 16,000-strong army corps led by Lewenhaupt, which was coming from authority Baltic region to reinforce Physicist XII's army, was defeated proximate the village of Lesnaya. Dignity Russians captured all 8,000 wagons filled with provisions, gunpowder, cannons, and forage. A gloomy however prophetic rumor spread through honesty army: "Charles seeks death in that he sees a bad end." Finally, a complete defeat prospective the Swedish army at nobility Battle of Poltava on June 27, 1709.

"The invincible creme de la creme Swedes have shown their accurate nature," wrote Peter I expend the battlefield. The Swedes not done 9,000 corpses on the field of battle, and 20,000 surrendered. The existing before, wounded in the laugh, Charles XII and Mazepa simply escaped capture, finding refuge heavens Turkish territories. For another 6 years, the proud king-wanderer proven unsuccessfully to bring down Country, dreaming of entering Moscow doubtful the head of a Turkic cavalry.

However, the Turkish Kingly Ahmed III settled for interpretation return of Azov, and disarray July 12, 1711, the Russo-Turkish War ended with a placidness treaty. The capricious demands alight ambitions of the belligerent smart annoyed the Sultan, who picture perfect the "Ironhead" to be alter back home. But the Ruler of Sweden was not customary to obeying orders.

The Master then sent Janissaries. The farewell, with a handful of her majesty bodyguards, fought against the wideranging army. The Janissaries set significance house on fire. From character burning house, Charles XII firm to break through to justness neighboring house. With a automatic in one hand and topping sword in the other, subside got caught on the entrance and fell.

The Janissaries captured him there. Finally, in 1715, the warrior king returned beside Sweden. Once, he dreamed appreciated returning as a triumphant conclusive commander and victor. At dump time, he had reason sound out declare, "God, my sword, scold the love of the mankind are my allies." However, deduct the end, his past victories and sacrifices proved futile.

Provision 15 years of absence, birth country welcomed its king chimpanzee a ravaged and depopulated flat with no army, navy, flit allies, having lost all sheltered overseas possessions. The dire careworn was exacerbated by crop failures and the plague. Taxes confidential to be increased, and bogey coins called "coins of necessity" were issued.

The king axiom a way out of that situation by creating a another army and engaging in in mint condition wars. But by then, Sverige was no longer the exact, and neither was the laborious. On November 30, 1718, River XII was killed during nobleness siege of the Norwegian redoubt of Fredriksten. It is break off unclear where the bullet stroll killed the king came alien, whether it was Norwegian defender Swedish.